Tag: fuel-saving-technologies

  • 2025 Panamera 4S Expected to See Significant MPG Improvements

    2025 Panamera 4S Expected to See Significant MPG Improvements

    2025 Panamera 4S Expected to See Significant MPG Improvements

    Put together to expertise automotive excellence in its most refined type with the all-new Porsche Panamera 4S 2025. This masterpiece of engineering embodies the proper stability of efficiency, luxurious, and effectivity. Its glossy silhouette, sculpted curves, and complicated particulars create an unforgettable visible influence, whereas the harmonious mix of conventional craftsmanship and cutting-edge expertise defines its character.

    Beneath the hood, the Panamera 4S 2025 conceals a state-of-the-art powertrain that delivers breathtaking acceleration and exhilarating driving dynamics. The two.9-liter twin-turbocharged V6 engine seamlessly combines uncooked energy with distinctive gas financial system, boasting a powerful EPA-estimated 27 mpg within the metropolis and 32 mpg on the freeway. This exceptional effectivity empowers you to overcome each journey with confidence, understanding you can savor the joys of efficiency with out sacrificing sustainability.

    Step contained in the Panamera 4S 2025’s cabin, and you will be enveloped by an oasis of consolation and class. The meticulously appointed inside exudes a way of tranquility and exclusivity, with supple leather-based upholstery, real wooden accents, and ambient lighting that units the proper ambiance. The intuitive infotainment system, that includes a big touchscreen show and superior connectivity options, retains you seamlessly linked and entertained all through your travels. Embrace the head of automotive luxurious and efficiency with the Porsche Panamera 4S 2025 – the embodiment of refined class and exhilarating effectivity.

    Unlocking the Potential of Regenerative Braking for Enhanced Gasoline Financial savings

    The Panamera 4S 2025 is poised to revolutionize automotive gas effectivity via its progressive use of regenerative braking, a expertise that harnesses the power sometimes misplaced throughout braking to recharge the automobile’s battery.

    Precept of Operation

    When the Panamera 4S decelerates, the electrical motors linked to the wheels act as mills, changing the kinetic power of the automobile’s movement into electrical power. This power is then saved within the high-voltage battery, successfully extending the automobile’s vary.

    Advantages of Regenerative Braking

    • Lowered gas consumption: By recapturing and using the power misplaced throughout braking, the Panamera 4S can considerably cut back its gas consumption, reducing each working prices and environmental influence.
    • Prolonged vary: The recovered power saved within the battery extends the automobile’s driving vary, doubtlessly lowering the necessity for frequent stops at charging stations.
    • Improved efficiency: The electrical motors used for regenerative braking may also present extra energy throughout acceleration, leading to enhanced efficiency and responsiveness.

    Customization Choices

    The Panamera 4S 2025 provides drivers the flexibility to customise the extent of regenerative braking to go well with their driving model and situations. The automobile options three regenerative braking modes:

    • Regular: Gives a stability between power restoration and responsiveness.
    • Eco: Maximizes power restoration, leading to larger gas financial savings.
    • Sport: Prioritizes efficiency and supplies a firmer braking really feel.

    Integration with Different Applied sciences

    The regenerative braking system on the Panamera 4S 2025 is seamlessly built-in with different superior applied sciences, such because the Predictive Power Optimizer and Coasting Mode, to optimize gas effectivity additional.

    Future Prospects

    As expertise continues to advance, the potential for regenerative braking to enhance gas effectivity is immense. Ongoing analysis and improvement are anticipated to result in much more environment friendly and refined techniques sooner or later.

    Conclusion

    The Panamera 4S 2025’s regenerative braking system stands as a testomony to Porsche’s dedication to innovation and sustainability. By harnessing the power misplaced throughout braking, this superior expertise empowers drivers to cut back their gas consumption, prolong their driving vary, and decrease their environmental influence.

    Panamera 4S 2025 MPG: Complete Overview

    The Porsche Panamera 4S 2025 is an alluring mix of luxurious and efficiency, providing a charming driving expertise. Amongst its notable attributes is its spectacular gas effectivity, making it a gorgeous possibility for these in search of a stability of exhilaration and practicality.

    The Panamera 4S 2025 boasts a powerful gas financial system of as much as 25 mpg, surpassing many opponents in its class. This effectivity is essentially attributed to its superior hybrid expertise, combining a 2.9-liter V6 twin-turbo engine with an electrical motor. The electrical motor supplies extra energy throughout acceleration, lowering the load on the gasoline engine and enhancing general gas financial system.

    Along with its hybrid drivetrain, the Panamera 4S 2025 options numerous fuel-saving applied sciences, together with an eight-speed PDK dual-clutch transmission, which seamlessly shifts gears for optimum efficiency and effectivity. Furthermore, the automobile’s aerodynamic design helps decrease drag, additional contributing to its spectacular gas financial system.

    Individuals Additionally Ask about Panamera 4S 2025 MPG

    Does the Panamera 4S 2025 supply completely different driving modes to enhance gas effectivity?

    Sure, the Panamera 4S 2025 supplies a number of driving modes, together with a devoted “E-Mode” that prioritizes electric-only driving for enhanced gas effectivity.

    Is the Panamera 4S 2025 outfitted with a stop-start system?

    Sure, the Panamera 4S 2025 incorporates a stop-start system that mechanically shuts off the engine when the automobile is stationary, additional enhancing gas financial system in city environments.

  • 5 Things You Need to Know About the 2025 Jetta’s MPG

    5 Things You Need to Know About the 2025 Jetta’s MPG

    5 Things You Need to Know About the 2025 Jetta’s MPG

    Put together to be amazed by the all-new 2025 Volkswagen Jetta, an automotive marvel that seamlessly blends effectivity, energy, and class. With its cutting-edge engineering and progressive design, the Jetta units a brand new benchmark in automotive innovation, delivering an distinctive driving expertise that may captivate your senses and redefine your expectations.

    On the coronary heart of the 2025 Jetta lies a powertrain that embodies effectivity with out compromising efficiency. The superior 1.5-liter turbocharged four-cylinder engine, paired with a refined eight-speed computerized transmission, generates a powerful 160 horsepower and 184 lb-ft of torque. This potent mixture effortlessly accelerates the Jetta, offering an exciting driving expertise whereas maximizing gas financial system.

    Furthermore, the Jetta’s aerodynamic design and light-weight development contribute to its exceptional gas effectivity. Its glossy profile, meticulously crafted to attenuate drag, reduces wind resistance, permitting the automobile to glide via the air with easy grace. Moreover, the strategic use of light-weight supplies all through the physique and chassis additional enhances its effectivity, translating into distinctive miles per gallon rankings. Whether or not you are navigating the bustling metropolis streets or embarking on a street journey, the 2025 Jetta empowers you with the boldness to journey far and extensive with out the burden of frequent gas stops.

    Gas Effectivity in Movement: The 2025 Jetta’s MPG Revolution

    Unleashing Distinctive MPG Efficiency

    The 2025 Volkswagen Jetta makes a daring entry into the automotive realm with its unparalleled gas effectivity, setting new benchmarks for eco-conscious driving. Its refined engine and aerodynamic design converge seamlessly to ship a powerful MPG score.

    The 2025 Jetta boasts a 1.5-liter TSI engine that seamlessly blends energy and gas financial system. Outfitted with superior turbocharging know-how, this engine harnesses each drop of gas to generate optimum efficiency whereas minimizing emissions. Its light-weight development and lowered friction contribute to its distinctive MPG.

    The Jetta’s glossy silhouette and optimized underbody airflow work in live performance to scale back drag and improve gas effectivity. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations have been meticulously carried out to fine-tune the automobile’s form, leading to a design that effortlessly glides via the air.

    The 2025 Jetta’s MPG revolution is substantiated by the next information:

    Gas Effectivity
    Metropolis 34 MPG
    Freeway 45 MPG
    Mixed 40 MPG

    With its extraordinary MPG, the 2025 Jetta presents a driving expertise that’s each exhilarating and environmentally accountable. Whether or not navigating bustling city landscapes or embarking on prolonged street journeys, drivers can revel within the pleasure of driving with out compromising their dedication to sustainability.

    Unleashing Effectivity: The Energy Behind the Jetta’s MPG Enhance

    Aerodynamic Enhancements: Slicing By means of the Wind

    The Jetta’s glossy exterior has been redesigned to attenuate drag and enhance aerodynamics. The streamlined physique, sloping roofline, and built-in rear spoiler work in concord to scale back air resistance and improve gas effectivity.

    Engine Optimization: A Symphony of Energy and Effectivity

    On the coronary heart of the Jetta’s effectivity lies its superior engine know-how. Engineers have fine-tuned its combustion course of, lowered friction, and optimized consumption and exhaust techniques. The result’s a responsive engine that delivers spectacular energy whereas minimizing gas consumption.

    The Jetta additionally boasts a spread of engine choices, every tailor-made to particular driving wants. The 1.4L turbocharged engine gives a stability of energy and gas effectivity, whereas the two.0L turbocharged engine presents exhilarating efficiency with improved gas financial system. The 1.5L TSI engine combines direct injection with turbocharging know-how for optimum effectivity with out compromising on driving dynamics.

    Engine MPG Metropolis MPG Freeway
    1.4L Turbo 28 41
    2.0L Turbo 24 34
    1.5L TSI 31 43

    Hybrid Expertise: Electrifying Effectivity

    For these looking for even larger effectivity, the Jetta presents a hybrid powertrain that seamlessly combines a gasoline engine with an electrical motor. This superior system recovers vitality throughout braking and deceleration, storing it in a battery for later use. The result’s lowered gas consumption with out sacrificing efficiency.

    Innovation in Motion: The Engine’s Function in Gas Financial savings

    The Atkinson Cycle: A Path to Effectivity

    On the coronary heart of the 2025 Jetta’s gas financial savings prowess lies the progressive Atkinson cycle engine. This distinctive design differs from the normal Otto cycle in a single essential side: the consumption valves stay open throughout a part of the compression stroke. This enables for a larger enlargement of the air-fuel combination throughout the energy stroke, leading to improved thermal effectivity and decrease gas consumption.

    Variable Valve Timing (VVT): Optimizing Efficiency

    Complementing the Atkinson cycle is a complicated variable valve timing (VVT) system. By adjusting the timing of the consumption and exhaust valves, the engine can optimize its efficiency throughout a wider vary of working situations. This enhances each energy output and gas effectivity, significantly throughout low-load conditions the place aggressive valve timing is much less efficient.

    Turbocharging: A Enhance for Effectivity

    To boost efficiency whereas sustaining gas financial system, the 2025 Jetta incorporates a turbocharged engine. This method provides pressured induction to the engine, rising air strain and thus maximizing the quantity of air-fuel combination that may be combusted. Turbocharging not solely boosts energy but additionally contributes to effectivity by using exhaust gases to drive the turbine, decreasing wasted vitality within the type of warmth.

    Method Gas Financial savings
    Atkinson Cycle Engine As much as 15%
    Variable Valve Timing (VVT) As much as 10%
    Turbocharging As much as 25%

    Superior Expertise Enhances Gas Economic system

    4. Gas-Environment friendly Engine Improvements

    The 2025 Jetta’s engine boasts a exceptional array of fuel-saving improvements:

    Variable Valve Timing (VVT)

    VVT dynamically adjusts the timing of the engine’s consumption and exhaust valves to optimize airflow and combustion effectivity, leading to improved gas utilization throughout totally different engine working situations.

    Direct Gas Injection (GDI)

    GDI delivers gas instantly into the combustion chamber, offering extra exact gas metering and improved gas atomization. This enhances combustion effectivity and reduces gas consumption by as much as 15%.

    Turbocharged Engine with Cease-Begin System

    The turbocharged engine delivers distinctive energy whereas sustaining effectivity. The stop-start system routinely shuts off the engine throughout short-term stops, resembling at pink lights, to preserve gas.

    Aerodynamic Design for Most Effectivity

    The 2025 Jetta has been designed with aerodynamics in thoughts to maximise gas effectivity. The streamlined physique of the automotive helps to scale back drag, which permits the automotive to maneuver via the air extra simply. This leads to much less vitality being wasted on overcoming resistance, which in flip results in higher gas financial system.

    Optimization of Entrance Finish:

    The entrance finish of the Jetta has been optimized to attenuate drag. The grille has been designed to permit air to move via it, reasonably than blocking it. The headlights have additionally been streamlined to scale back their impression on airflow.

    Curved Roofline:

    The roofline of the Jetta has been designed to create a easy transition from the entrance of the automotive to the rear. This helps to scale back drag by stopping air from getting caught behind the automotive.

    Underbody Paneling:

    The underbody of the Jetta has been fitted with a collection of panels that assist to easy out the airflow. These panels assist to scale back drag and enhance gas financial system.

    Rear Spoiler:

    The Jetta has a rear spoiler that helps to scale back drag by stopping air from flowing excessive of the automotive. The spoiler additionally helps to enhance stability at excessive speeds.

    Optimized Wheel Design:

    Function Profit
    Closed grille openings Decreased drag by blocking undesirable air move
    Air curtains Directed airflow over the entrance wheels, decreasing turbulence
    Rear diffuser Smooths out airflow below the automotive, minimizing drag
    Flush-mounted taillights Reduces aerodynamic disturbances on the rear
    Aerodynamically sculpted physique Creates a streamlined form, optimizing airflow

    Various Gas Choices: Increasing the Jetta’s MPG Capabilities

    The 2025 Volkswagen Jetta presents a wide range of different gas choices that may considerably improve its gas effectivity.

    Hybrid: Combining Effectivity and Energy

    The hybrid Jetta combines a gasoline engine with an electrical motor, offering each gas financial savings and enhanced efficiency. It boasts a powerful 50 mpg mixed score, making it a superb alternative for each metropolis and freeway driving.

    Plug-in Hybrid: Enhanced Vary and Flexibility

    The plug-in hybrid Jetta takes the hybrid idea a step additional by incorporating a bigger battery that may be externally charged. This enables drivers to cowl as much as 23 miles on electrical energy alone, decreasing gas consumption in city areas.

    Diesel: Confirmed Effectivity and Torque

    The diesel Jetta has lengthy been famend for its distinctive gas financial system. Its superior turbocharged engine delivers as much as 43 mpg on the freeway, making it a compelling possibility for long-distance vacationers.

    CNG: A Cleaner and Price-Efficient Various

    Compressed pure gasoline (CNG) is a cleaner and extra reasonably priced different to gasoline. The CNG-powered Jetta presents a mixed score of 38 mpg, with the additional advantage of decreasing greenhouse gasoline emissions.

    E85 Ethanol: Renewable Gas with Excessive Octane

    The E85 ethanol Jetta can run on a mix of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline, offering a extra environmentally pleasant driving expertise. It has a barely decrease gas effectivity score of 24 mpg, however its increased octane degree compensates for lowered mileage.

    Gas Economic system Comparability Desk

    Gas Kind MPG Mixed
    Gasoline 35
    Hybrid 50
    Plug-in Hybrid 43 + 23 miles EV
    Diesel 43
    CNG 38
    E85 Ethanol 24

    Practicality Meets Efficiency: MPG for the Trendy Driver

    Compact and Succesful

    The 2025 Jetta boasts a compact design, making it straightforward to maneuver via metropolis streets and park in tight areas. Regardless of its compact measurement, the Jetta presents a stunning quantity of inside area, comfortably seating 5 adults.

    Gas-Environment friendly Engine Choices

    The Jetta comes geared up with a alternative of fuel-efficient engine choices, together with a turbocharged 1.4-liter four-cylinder engine and a 2.0-liter four-cylinder engine. These engines ship spectacular MPG rankings, permitting you to journey additional on a single tank of gasoline.

    Spectacular MPG Rankings

    The Jetta’s fuel-efficient engines lead to spectacular MPG rankings. The 1.4-liter engine achieves as much as 31 mpg within the metropolis and 42 mpg on the freeway, whereas the two.0-liter engine delivers as much as 28 mpg within the metropolis and 38 mpg on the freeway.

    Aerodynamic Design

    The Jetta’s glossy, aerodynamic design contributes to its gas effectivity. The automotive’s easy traces and optimized airflow scale back drag, permitting it to glide via the air extra effectively.

    Hybrid Possibility for Enhanced Effectivity

    For even larger gas financial savings, the Jetta presents a hybrid possibility. The Jetta Hybrid combines a gasoline engine with an electrical motor to attain as much as 53 mpg within the metropolis and 56 mpg on the freeway.

    Eco-Pleasant Driving Options

    The Jetta incorporates a number of eco-friendly driving options to reinforce gas effectivity. These options embody a stop-start system that routinely turns off the engine when the automotive is stopped to save lots of gas.

    Gas Economic system Desk

    Engine Metropolis MPG Freeway MPG
    1.4-liter Turbocharged 31 42
    2.0-liter 4-Cylinder 28 38
    Hybrid 53 56

    The Jetta: An Icon of Gas Effectivity

    The Volkswagen Jetta is not any stranger to the realm of gas effectivity. For years, it has stood as a testomony to Volkswagen’s unwavering dedication to innovation and sustainability.

    The 2025 Jetta: Elevating the Bar

    With the upcoming 2025 Jetta, Volkswagen is as soon as once more pushing the boundaries of gas effectivity. This newest iteration guarantees to ship distinctive miles per gallon (MPG) due to a set of cutting-edge applied sciences.

    Aerodynamic Perfection

    The 2025 Jetta boasts a glossy and streamlined design that minimizes wind resistance. Its sloping roofline, sculpted contours, and energetic grille shutters work in concord to scale back drag and improve gas financial system.

    Light-weight Development

    Each ounce counts on the subject of gas effectivity. The 2025 Jetta makes use of light-weight supplies resembling aluminum and carbon fiber to scale back general weight, additional enhancing MPG.

    Excessive-Effectivity Engine

    On the coronary heart of the 2025 Jetta is a turbocharged 1.5-liter engine that mixes energy and gas effectivity. It options variable valve timing, direct injection, and a excessive compression ratio for optimum efficiency.

    Superior Drivetrain

    The 2025 Jetta comes geared up with a sophisticated dual-clutch transmission that gives easy and exact gear shifts. It additionally incorporates a coasting mode that disengages the engine when decelerating, saving gas.

    8. Lively Power Administration

    The 2025 Jetta takes vitality administration to the subsequent degree with its progressive Lively Power Administration System. This method intelligently displays and adjusts the automotive’s electrical techniques, decreasing parasitic load and enhancing gas financial system. Among the key options of this technique embody:
    – Cease-start system: Routinely shuts off the engine when idling to save lots of gas.
    – Regenerative braking: Captures vitality throughout braking and shops it within the battery to be used later.
    – Electromechanical energy steering: Eliminates the energy-consuming hydraulic pump, decreasing gas consumption.
    – Clever local weather management: Optimizes heating and cooling to attenuate vitality utilization.

    9. Actual-World Gas Economic system

    EPA Estimates
    Mannequin Metropolis MPG Freeway MPG Mixed MPG
    Jetta 1.5T 32 40 35
    Jetta Hybrid 53 57 55
    Jetta GLI 27 36 30
    Precise Gas Economic system Might Range

    It is necessary to notice that the EPA’s gas financial system estimates are primarily based on managed testing situations. Actual-world gas financial system might range relying on components resembling driving fashion, visitors situations, and climate.

    Shopper Financial savings

    The 2025 Jetta’s spectacular gas financial system will translate into vital financial savings for customers. The bottom mannequin with a 1.5-liter engine achieves an EPA-estimated 33 mpg within the metropolis and 43 mpg on the freeway. Upgrading to the extra highly effective 2.0-liter engine barely reduces gas financial system to 31 mpg within the metropolis and 40 mpg on the freeway.

    Primarily based on the EPA’s common annual driving distance of 13,500 miles, the 1.5-liter Jetta is projected to value round $1,300 per yr in gas bills, assuming a median gasoline worth of $3.50 per gallon. The two.0-liter Jetta, then again, will value roughly $1,450 yearly in gas. These figures characterize a considerable saving in comparison with a much less fuel-efficient automobile.

    Environmental Impression

    The 2025 Jetta’s low gas consumption additionally contributes to decreasing greenhouse gasoline emissions. In keeping with the EPA, the 1.5-liter Jetta emits an estimated 210 grams of carbon dioxide per mile, whereas the two.0-liter Jetta emits 225 grams per mile. These figures are considerably decrease than the EPA’s common for brand spanking new autos, which is 260 grams per mile.

    Over the lifetime of a automobile pushed a median of 13,500 miles per yr, the 1.5-liter Jetta will emit roughly 2.8 tons much less carbon dioxide than the typical new automobile. The two.0-liter Jetta will emit 3.0 tons much less carbon dioxide over the identical interval.

    Desk: 2025 Jetta Gas Economic system and Emissions

    Engine Metropolis MPG Freeway MPG CO2 Emissions (g/mile)
    1.5L 33 43 210
    2.0L 31 40 225

    The 2025 Jetta: The Commonplace for MPG Excellence

    A New Period of Effectivity Arrives with the 2025 Jetta

    Put together to be astounded by the most recent era of the Volkswagen Jetta, designed to redefine gas effectivity with out compromising efficiency. With a concentrate on superior know-how and progressive options, the 2025 Jetta units the benchmark for MPG excellence.

    Engineering Triumph: The Energy of Aerodynamics

    The Jetta’s meticulously crafted physique form seamlessly deflects wind resistance, leading to lowered drag and elevated gas financial savings. Its aerodynamic design is a testomony to Volkswagen’s dedication to environmental sustainability.

    Gas-Saving Powerhouse: Superior Powertrains

    Underneath the 2025 Jetta’s hood resides a set of cutting-edge powertrains engineered to maximise MPG. From environment friendly gasoline engines to hybrid and absolutely electrical choices, Volkswagen caters to numerous driving preferences, guaranteeing optimum gas financial system in all situations.

    Clever Financial savings: Cease-Begin Expertise

    This ingenious characteristic routinely shuts off the engine when the Jetta involves a cease, resembling at pink lights or drive-through traces. When the accelerator is pressed, the engine seamlessly restarts, offering on the spot torque and eliminating wasted gas throughout idle.

    Superior Transmissions: Easy and Environment friendly Shifts

    The Jetta’s superior transmissions effortlessly optimize gear choice, guaranteeing a easy and fuel-efficient journey. Whether or not choosing a guide or computerized transmission, drivers can count on exact shifts and lowered gas consumption.

    Rolling Resistance Discount: Optimized Tires

    Specifically designed tires decrease friction between the street and the Jetta’s wheels, decreasing rolling resistance and enhancing gas effectivity with out sacrificing traction or dealing with.

    Environment friendly Local weather Management: Twin-Zone Connectivity

    The Jetta’s dual-zone local weather management permits for custom-made temperature settings for each the driving force and entrance passenger. By sustaining consolation with out compromising gas effectivity, this characteristic ensures a nice journey for all.

    Actual-Time Information: Journey Pc

    The Jetta’s state-of-the-art journey pc gives on the spot suggestions on gas consumption, distance traveled, and estimated time of arrival. This worthwhile info empowers drivers to maximise gas financial savings and plan their journeys effectively.

    Good Driving Ideas for Enhanced MPG

    Along with its spectacular engineering options, Volkswagen presents a spread of driving tricks to additional improve the Jetta’s gas effectivity. From sustaining regular speeds to avoiding extreme idling, these suggestions allow drivers to make knowledgeable selections and maximize their MPG.

    The 2025 Jetta: An Funding in Gas Financial savings

    The 2025 Volkswagen Jetta represents a transformative power within the automotive business, revolutionizing gas effectivity with out sacrificing efficiency. Its unparalleled MPG, paired with superior know-how and sensible driving practices, establishes the Jetta because the undisputed benchmark for gas financial system excellence.

    2025 Jetta MPG Expectations

    The upcoming 2025 Volkswagen Jetta is very anticipated to ship spectacular gas effectivity, assembly the rising demand for fuel-efficient autos. With its superior powertrain applied sciences and aerodynamic design, the Jetta is poised to supply distinctive miles per gallon (mpg) rankings.

    Volkswagen has not formally launched the precise mpg estimates for the 2025 Jetta. Nonetheless, primarily based on the progress made with the earlier era fashions and the corporate’s dedication to sustainability, specialists predict that the brand new Jetta will obtain vital enhancements in gas financial system.

    Individuals Additionally Ask

    What’s the anticipated freeway MPG of the 2025 Jetta?

    With its fuel-efficient design and superior powertrain, the 2025 Jetta is anticipated to ship an estimated freeway MPG within the mid to excessive 30s.

    Is the 2025 Jetta extra fuel-efficient than earlier fashions?

    Sure, the 2025 Jetta is predicted to be considerably extra fuel-efficient than earlier fashions, due to its optimized engine, improved aerodynamics, and weight discount.

    What applied sciences contribute to the 2025 Jetta’s gas effectivity?

    The 2025 Jetta will possible characteristic a spread of fuel-saving applied sciences, together with direct gas injection, stop-start know-how, and a repeatedly variable transmission (CVT).